​ Comprehensive Case Study on COPD, Heart Failure, Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus, Health & Medical homework help

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Comprehensive Case Study on COPD, Heart Failure, Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus

Patient A is a 45 year old female; measuring 5’5” and weighs 225 lbs.
Patient A has a history of smoking about 22 years along with a poor diet. She
has a history of Type II diabetes mellitus along with primary
hypertension. Patient A has recently been diagnosed with chronic bronchitis.
Her current symptoms include chronic cough, more severe in the mornings
with sputum, light-headedness, distended neck veins, excessive
peripheral edema, and increase urination at night. Her current
medications include Lotensin and Lasix for the hypertension along with
Glucophage for the Type II diabetes mellitus. The following are lab
findings that are pertinent to this case:

Vitals

BP

158/98 mm Hg

CBC

Hematocrit

57%

Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c)

7.3 %

Arterial Blood Gas Assessment

PaCO₂

52 mm Hg

PaO₂

48 mm Hg

Lipid Panel

Cholesterol

242 mg/dL

HDL

32 mg/dL

LDL

173 mg/dL

Triglycerides

184 mg/dL

  1. What clinical findings correlate with Patient A’s chronic bronchitis?
    What type of treatment and recommendations would be appropriate for
    Patient A chronic bronchitis?
  2. Which type of heart failure would you suspect with Patient A? Explain the pathogenesis of how this type of heart failure develops.
  3. According to the B.P. value, what stage of hypertension is Patient A
    experiencing? Explain the rationale for her current medications for her
    hypertension. Also, discuss the impact of this disease in the U.S.
    population.
  4. According to the lipid panel, what other condition is Patient A at risk
    for? According to this case study, what other medications should be
    given and why? What additional findings correlate for both hypertension
    and Type II diabetes mellitus?
  5. Interpret the lab value for HbA1c and explain the rationale for this value in relation to normal/abnormal body function?

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