Options for Mrs. Williams would be Radiation, Chemotherapy, Hormone therapy, Immunotherapy, Targeted therapy, or surgery. Radiation therapy are high...

Question Answered step-by-step Options for Mrs. Williams would be Radiation, Chemotherapy, Hormonetherapy, Immunotherapy, Targeted therapy, or surgery.Radiation therapy are high energy of x-rays or different types of radiation that aims to kill and destroy cancerous cells. Radiation also keeps the cancerous cells from growing back. There’s two different forms of radiation; teletherapy and brachytherapy. Teletherapy is an external form of radiation that is used outside of the body to send radiation towards the cancerous cell. Then there’s brachytherapy or internal radiation therapy that is a radioactive substance that is placed directly on or near the cancerous mass. Visitation with family and friends would have to be limited to 30 minutes per day to prevent radiation exposure. Also, visitors would have to be at least 10 feet away. Toilets may not be shared and toilets are needing to be flushed twice after each usage by patient.Chemotherapy is used to destroy the rapidly dividing cancerous cells. Chemo is given through an implanted port or central line. Both radiation treatment and chemo treatment affects normal cells causing alopecia, or loss of hair.Hormone therapy is used with patients who have early localized cancer within the breast tissue that can be removed with surgery. One medication that is commonly used is Tamoxifen. Tamoxifen reacts on all cells in the body.Immunotherapy is used along with patient’s immune system to fight the cancerous cells. Two ways immunotherapy are synthesized; body’s immune system or is synthesized in a lab to boost, direct, and restore body’s natural defenses against the cancerous mass, which is also considered biologic therapy.Targeted therapy uses medications to identify and attack specific cancerous cells (NIH, 2021). Targeted therapy causes less harm to normal cells than chemo or radiation therapy.Surgery would be the way of removing the cancerous cells with the possibly of the cancerous cells growing back.Targeted therapy would be a suggestive way to use for Mrs. Williams treatment. Its less harmful. However, if patient wanted to exercise her rights and refuse treatment, I would educate her on the benefits of receiving therapy and the effects of refusing treatment. Either way, I would support patient’s decision.If Mrs. Williams wanted to have a baby, a suggestions for her to meet with her doctor for more options would be given. Hormones from pregnancy could cause the spread of cancerous cells.ReferenceNational Cancer Institute. (2021, January 8). Breast Cancer Treatment. Retrieved by https://www.cancer.gov/types/breast/patient/breast-treatment-pdqDiscussion 2 Treatment options for breast cancer depends on many factors such as patient’s overall health history, patient’s personal preferences, the stage and characteristics of the breast cancer. A treatment option that may be considered is surgery which include breast-conserving (lumpectomy), and mastectomy (usually followed by reconstructive surgery). Advantages of having breast-conserving procedures are that they are usually performed in a same-day surgical setting and small portion of the breast is only removed. Disadvantage is that radiation is likely to follow breast-conserving; this puts her at risk for skin damage and generalized fatigue. Advantages of mastectomy is that this procedure can be used as a prophylactic treatment for women with breast cancer. Another advantage of mastectomy is that radiation is not required, and cancer may not reoccur because the affected breast is totally removed. Disadvantage is that with mastectomy the affected breast is completely removed, and more surgery may be required for reconstruction.First, I would respect Mrs Williams’ decision is she refuses treatment. It is important to find out if there are reasons she is refusing treatment. She might also be in denial with her diagnosis, so it is necessary to give her time to manage her emotions. Regardless the choices our patients make it is our responsibility to show compassion and support to them. On the other hand, I would educate her on the consequences of not getting treatment or delaying treatment. We will discuss what happens when cancer is left untreated or if treatment is delayed and how it metastasizes.References Anef, C. C. D. R. D., Faan, R. P. L. W. M., & Coi, R. M. P. C. R. R. (2018). Medical-Surgical Nursing: Concepts for Interprofessional Collaborative Care, (9th ed.). Saunders.https://ambassadored.vitalsource.com/books/9780323461580Breast Cancer Treatment | Treatment Options for Breast Cancer. (2019, September 18). American Cancer Society. https://www.cancer.org/cancer/breast-cancer/treatment.htmlplease comment /discuss on my above two post if you agree or disagree. Please explain and include references Health Science Science Nursing NURSING NUR2790 Share QuestionEmailCopy link Comments (0)