I have to reply to 2 peer’s post. Please find the attachment of both peers reply. Please compose reply for both posts in the attached documents.

Each response should be minimum of 150 words excluding reference. Also, Cite at least one reference for each peer reply.

Requirement

Prior to beginning work on this discussion, please read the following required sources:

• “Behaviorism and Essential Concepts for Pediatric Behavioral Sleep Medicine”
• “When a Clear Strong Voice Was Needed: A Retrospective Review of Watson’s (1924/1930) Behaviorism”
• “A Preliminary Application of Social Cognitive Theory to Nonsuicidal Self-Injury”
• “Teaching Stimulus Control Via Class-Wide Multiple Schedules of Reinforcement in Public Elementary School Classrooms”
• “Supporting Students with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Implementing
  Applied Behavior Analysis Strategies Within the Classroom Setting”

In your initial post, include the following:

• Briefly summarize the foundational approaches of behaviorism and
  social learning theories and the early theorists associated with them.
• Describe how those two theories might be utilized in practice in the career path that interests you.
• Evaluate any issues and cultural considerations associated with your assigned theorist.
• Analyze and describe how the APA’s Ethical Principles of
  Psychologists and Code of Conduct might affect the implementation of
  your theorist’s personality assessments.
• Assess the types of personality measurements and research designs
  associated with your assigned theorist, and describe how they have
  evolved.

Your initial post should be a minimum of 500 words.

GRADING RUBRIC MUST BE FOLLOWED

SELECT 1 Option only; other assignments are based on the first 1 and are a continuation

Review the performance dashboard for a health care organization in Tampa, FL, as well as relevant local, state, and federal laws and policies. Then, write a report for senior leaders in the organization that communicates your analysis and evaluation of the current state of organizational performance, including a recommended metric to target for improvement.

For this assessment, you may choose one of the following three options for a performance dashboard to use as the basis for your benchmark evaluation.

Option 1: Dashboard and Health Care Benchmark Evaluation Simulation

If you decide to use one of the simulation dashboards for your evaluation, review both dashboards, as well as the relevant local, state, and federal laws and policies linked in each dashboard. Choose one of the dashboards and consider the metrics within it that are falling short of the prescribed benchmarks.

Option 2: Actual Dashboard From a Professional Practice Setting

If you choose an actual dashboard from a professional practice setting for your evaluation, be sure to add a brief description of the organization and setting that includes:

• The size of the facility that the dashboard is reporting on.
• The specific type of care delivery.
• The population diversity and ethnicity demographics.
• The socioeconomic level of the population served by the organization.

Note: Ensure that your data is Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) compliant. Do not use any easily identifiable organization or patient information.

Option 3: Hypothetical Dashboard Based on a Professional Practice Setting

If you have a sophisticated understanding of dashboards that are relevant to your own practice, you may also construct a hypothetical dashboard for your evaluation based on that setting. Your hypothetical dashboard must present at least four different metrics, at least two of which must be underperforming the relevant benchmark set forth by a federal, state, or local laws or policies. In addition, be sure to add a brief description of the organization and setting that includes:

• The size of the facility that the dashboard is reporting on.
• The specific type of care delivery.
• The population diversity and ethnicity demographics.
• The socioeconomic level of the population served by the organization.

Note: Ensure that your data is HIPAA compliant. Do not use any easily identifiable organization or patient information.

Report Requirements

Structure your report in such a way that it would be easy for a colleague or supervisor to locate the information they need. Be sure to cite relevant local, state, or federal health care laws or policies when evaluating metric performance against prescribed benchmarks. Cite an additional 2–4 credible sources to support your analysis and evaluation of the challenges in meeting the benchmarks, the potential for performance improvement, and your advocacy for ethical action.

Note: The tasks outlined below correspond to grading criteria in the scoring guide.

In your report, be sure to:

• Evaluate dashboard metrics against the benchmarks set by local, state, or federal health care laws or policies.
  • Which metrics are below the mandated benchmarks in the organization? Evaluate weaknesses within the entire set of benchmarks.
  • What are the local, state, or federal health care laws or policies that set these benchmarks?
• Analyze challenges that meeting prescribed benchmarks can pose for the organization or for an interprofessional team.
  • What are the specific challenges or opportunities that the organization or interprofessional team might have in meeting the benchmarks? For example, consider:
    • The strategic direction of the organization.
    • The organization’s mission.
    • Available resources:
      • Staffing.
      • Operational and capital funding.
      • Physical space.
      • Support services (any ancillary department that supports a specific care unit in the organization, such as a pharmacy, cleaning services, and dietary services).
    • Cultural diversity in the organization.
    • Cultural diversity in the community.
    • Organizational processes and procedures.
  • How might these challenges be contributing to benchmark underperformance?
• Evaluate a benchmark underperformance in the organization or interprofessional team that has the potential for greatly improving overall quality or performance.
  • Which metric is underperforming its benchmark by the greatest degree?
  • Which benchmark underperformance is the most widespread throughout the organization or interprofessional team?
  • Which benchmark affects the greatest number of patients?
  • Which benchmark affects the greatest number of staff?
  • How does this underperformance affect the community the organization serves?
  • Where is the greatest opportunity for improvement in the overall quality or performance of the organization or interpersonal team—and ultimately in patient outcomes?
• Advocate for ethical action in addressing the benchmark underperformance that has the potential for greatly improving overall quality or performance.
  • At which group of stakeholders should your advocacy be directed? Which group could be expected to take the appropriate action to improve the benchmark metric?
  • What are some ethical actions that the stakeholder group could take that support improved benchmark performance?
  • Why should the stakeholder group take action?
• Communicate your findings and recommendations in a professional and effective manner.
  • Ensure that your report is well organized and easy to read.
  • Write clearly and logically, using correct grammar, punctuation, and mechanics.
• Integrate relevant sources to support your arguments, correctly formatting source citations and references using current APA style.
  • Did you cite relevant local, state, or federal health care laws or policies when discussing the mandated benchmarks?
  • Did you cite an additional 2–4 credible sources to support your analysis, evaluation, and advocacy?

Questions to Consider

As you prepare to complete this assessment, you may want to think about other related issues to deepen your understanding or broaden your viewpoint. You are encouraged to consider the questions below and discuss them with a fellow learner, a work associate, an interested friend or family member, or a member of your professional community. Note that these questions are for your own development and exploration and do not need to be completed or submitted as part of your assessment.

• What local, state, or federal health care policies or laws set benchmarks and standards reflected in performance dashboards common in your professional area of practice?
• What are the potential challenges or opportunities for health care organizations or interprofessional teams in meeting prescribed performance benchmarks and standards? Factors you might consider include the organization’s mission, its size and resources, operational policies and procedures, and the population the organization serves.

Benchmarking and Performance Measurement Tools

This article discusses best practices in benchmarking to aid organizations in creating a plan.

• Krause, J. (2017, July 28). Four questions to ask about healthcare benchmarking. Retrieved from http://managedhealthcareexecutive.modernmedicine.c…

These resources examine performance measurement tools and benchmarking used for health care delivery.

• Behrouzi, F., Shaharoun, A. M., & Ma’aram, A. (2014). Applications of the balanced scorecard for strategic management and performance measurement in the health sector. Australian Health Review, 38(2), 208–217.
• Johns Hopkins Medicine. (n.d.). Patient safety and quality. Retrieved from http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/patient_safety_qual…
• National Committee for Quality Assurance. (n.d.). HEDIS and performance measurement. Retrieved from http://www.ncqa.org/hedis-quality-measurement

Performance Benchmarks Challenges and Benefits

This study outlines key barriers to measuring and benchmarking quality of mental health care, describes innovations currently underway worldwide to mitigate barriers and offers recommendations for improving quality of mental health care.

• Kilbourne, A. M., Beck, K., Spaethâ?Rublee, B., Ramanuj, P., O’Brien, R. W., Tomoyasu, N., & Pincus, H. A. (2018). Measuring and improving the quality of mental health care: A global perspective. World Psychiatry, 17(1), 30–38.

This resource discusses future options and challenges with respect to the Affordable Care Act provisions and requirements.

• RAND Corporation. (n.d.). The future of U.S. health care: Replace or revise the Affordable Care Act? Retrieved from https://www.rand.org/health/key-topics/health-poli…

This article explores hospital rankings in the United States and how they provide benefit to organizations and consumers in consideration of the Affordable Care Act.

• Huerta, T. R., Hefner, J. L., Ford, E. W., McAlearney, A. S., & Menachemi, N. (2014). Hospital website rankings in the United States: Expanding benchmarks and standards for effective consumer engagement. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 16(2), e64.

This article discusses key practical issues in the development of performance dashboards.

• Ghazisaeidi, M., Safdari, R., Torabi, M., Mirzaee, M., Farzi, J. & Goodini, A. (2015). Development of performance dashboards in healthcare sector: Key practical issues. Acta Informatica Medica, 23(5), 317–321.

Health Care Policies, Laws, Legislation, and Metrics

This resource explains current health care policy in the United States.

• Oliver, T. R. (Ed.). (2014). Guide to U.S. health and health care policy. Washington, DC: CQ Press.

This article discusses the most significant reforms to the U.S. health care system as provisions and mandates in the Affordable Care Act.

• Martin, E. J. (2015). Healthcare policy legislation and administration: Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010. Journal of Health and Human Services Administration, 37(4), 407–411.

This resource discusses the Medicare Access and CHIP Reauthorization Act (MACRA) current payment pathways for physicians relative to quality measures and benchmarks.

• American Medical Association. (n.d.). Quality payment program specifics. Retrieved from https://www.ama-assn.org/practice-management/quali…

Income Statement – Ford Motor Company

In a two- to three-page paper (excluding the title and reference pages), explain the purpose of an income statement and how it reflects the firm’s financial status. Include important points that an analyst would use in assessing the financial condition of the company. Also, analyze Ford Motor Company’s income statement from its 2012 Annual Report (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site..

Your paper must be formatted according to APA style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center, and it must include citations and references for the text and at least two scholarly sources from the Ashford University Library.