Below are three discussion posts made by students to the following discussion topic. Please write a 1-2 paragraph response to EACH of the three posts!

Discussion 4 – Electoral Geography

If you were assigned the task to create political districts at the
state and/or national level, from a political geography standpoint, how
would you draw districts? Take into consideration any current mandates
based on law as well as geography (what would make the most compact
groups).

You can also address the following: Is it even possible to have 1
person, 1 vote in our country? Is there a better way to draw districts
(based on geography)?

Student One’s Post:

One
aspect I would probably focus on when drawing districts would be the
demographics that make the largest impact on the area. For example, if
it is a mostly low income area, I would not put a piece of a more
wealthy area into that district. The area of the district that is not
low income is not going to have the same interests as the lower income
citizens. However, creating lower and higher income districts could be
an issue, because certain districts may be overlooked more, and may not
receive as much attention given their status. Another demographic to
consider is age. For example, if it is a district around a university,
they might need different council than a suburb known for retirees.
However, the biggest consideration would likely be population. Of
course, if there are fewer people in an area then the district will
spread over a wider area. This way, certain districts are not overlooked
and neglected because they do not concern as many people.

As far as creating districts for electoral purposes, it is difficult
to say how I would allocate district lines to ensure it is fair, based
on what I’ve learned about political geography. Avoiding gerrymandering
seems like an extremely difficult task that requires constant review of
the public census. Not to mention, those districts are being created
based solely on the populations political views. I think it would be
better to draw district lines based on the most important demographics
of the area. Of course, I would not want to segregate certain areas
based on age, race, or income, but I do think that if certain areas are
to get what is needed, it is better if the majority of the community is
on the same page. But, maybe it would instead be better to draw the
district lines where it mixes communities, and requires district leaders
to accommodate different types of citizens and help to erase some of
the invisible boarders we tend to put up in our communities. I really do
not know which way would work better.

Student Two’s Post:

Drawing
political district lines are almost impossible to draw fairly and
impartially by any party. I struggle with this issue time and time again
whenever the topic arises in discussion. On one hand, it would be easy
to just have geographical squares become new voting districts in
elections and take demographics out of it, but on the other hand, each
person having an equal vote as in a direct democratic election could be
considered more fair. The problem is currently that if each person had a
vote, the nation would be split almost exactly in half with democrats
taking the win almost every time because of the demographics and social
issues arising in our country. If I were a Republican farmer in Iowa, I
wouldn’t consider my voice to be heard if that was the case, and we
would run into a similar problem that we did during the civil war where
the North had a lot more say than the South did when it came to federal
laws. Obviously the laws that were being passed were a little bit more
consequential (slavery and state’s rights) but the principle remains the
same. If each person had a voice, the voices of the urban areas would
be more heard than people living in rural areas which would cause
issues.

Because of this, I believe we should just have every 100,000 people
represent one district in as reasonably square shape as possible from
left to right in each state. Those straight forward guidelines wouldn’t
leave too much space for bias. My only worry is that the idea of
district lines indirectly influences where people decide to live, but
there is no way to control that. Grouping people by how similar they are
in their voting behavior becomes very polarizing at the end of the day.
People need to learn to have conversations with people who are
different from them and that might be a good lesson if we draw the lines
regardless of the people who live there.

Student Three’s Post:

Drawing political districts is a very controversial topic in today’s
society. Unfortunately, there will never be a perfect system for drawing
political districts. Geography is a great asset to start creating
districts. However, land is not everything. You must have a huge
population to create a majority. District maps are defined by the state
lawmakers. The problem is, politicians are biased and draw districts to
favor one party over another. Fortunately, our technology advances have
helped with mapping, visualization and data analysis. Drawing of
districts should take an account the characteristics such as class,
education, religion, ethnicity and age. The only problem with this
method, is you can predict the outcome of the voting behavior. Geography
should not be the fundamental aspect for voting and elections.
Geography should be the background for the voting procedure. Honestly, I
do not see a better way for drawing districts. I do believe we should
continue to have the 1 person, 1 vote in our country!

plz read the file carefully

Research Papers are a minimum of 10 double-spaced pages (body of paper not counting figures, graphics, or titles, tables of contents, etc.). Please use 12-point Time Roman, 1-inch margins, and otherwise follow APA guidelines. The paper should include the following sections:

• Title Page
• Abstract
• Introduction (no heading required)
• Issue Identification (This is the most important item. The rest of your paper will be solving this problem.)
• Issue Analysis / Develop Alternatives (This is sometimes referred to as the Literature Review. That’s because you’ll be citing examples you find in the literature to substantiate your problem and find things that have worked for other situations that could apply to your problem)
• Evaluate Alternatives
• Recommendation
• Implementation Plan (if appropriate)
• Risks (include risks of doing as well as the risk of not taking the recommended course)
• Conclusion
• References must be in APA format and include a minimum of 8 references – at least 4 of them being from a “scholarly” journal or conference from a library resource such as Troy online library. Wikipedia and the textbook for the course are not acceptable references.

Considering the mixed evidence on the association between media and crime, would you recommend that children or teens be forbidden to view media with violent content? Why or why not and what criminological theory helps support your answer? Your paper should include material from the textbook. Paper must not be more than three full pages double-spaced not including citation page. Must use APA for citation.

• Suggestions for how to organize your paper. These are suggestions to help you, but it is not required that every point listed below be addressed.
  • Do not forget to answer each question in the prompt (there are three)
  • Specify what type of media you are going to discuss in your paper (film, tv, social media, music)
  • What do you, society, or research consider violent content?
  • Focus on a particular crime (murder, sex crimes, robbery, auto theft)
  • Identify what age group you are discussing. (There is a huge difference between a 6-year-old and a 16-year-old in their interactions and understanding of media)
• APA requirements
  • Paper must be typed & numbered.
  • Paper must be 2-3 pages in length.
  • Paper should adhere to A.P.A format.
  • Paper must cite all assigned readings. That is, all authors that were assigned should be cited in your paper. Do not use secondary citations (i.e., a citation that was in one of your readings, but you never actually read the original research). Do not cite by summarizing one reading, then another, then another, etc. Instead, you need to integrate the citations into your essay.
  • This is a scholarly paper. Avoid using “I” (or other pronouns).
  • The paper must include a title.
  • The paper must include an introduction paragraph that should grab the reader’s attention and state the thesis of the paper.
    • Ex. The purpose of this paper is to ….
  • The paper must include supporting paragraphs.
    • Do not use long quotes.
    • Break up paragraphs so that one paragraph does not go one for a whole page.
    • **Be sure to cite authors in your paragraphs.
  • The paper must include a conclusion paragraph.
    • Ex. In conclusion, this paper presented….

You have been asked by a manager in your organization to put together a training program explaining Net Present Value (NPV) and Future Value (FV) and how they are used to evaluate the price of stock. You have been given the following objectives:

Upon completing your Net Present Value (NPV) and Future Value (FV) Training Program, employees should be able to do the following:

• Explain NPV and FV.
• Describe the factors that are used in the NPV and the FV formulas.
• Give an example of how to use the formulas for NPV and FV for a stock purchase.
• Summarize the differences between the two formulas and the purpose of using each.

Develop a 10- to 12-slide PowerPoint Presentation (excluding title slide and reference slide) that cover each of the above topics. In the slide notes, include your explanations for each topic above. You must use a minimum of two scholarly sources. Format the presentation and cite your resources according to the APA style guide as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site..

Carefully review the Grading Rubric (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. for the criteria that will be used to evaluate your assignment.

1000-1250 words

The paper must include a bibliography page

Must choose one theme from these 4 themes and write about it

1st- Literary influence

2nd- rebellion

3rd- Authority

4th- Conflict of orthodoxy

The most important apart of this paper is then to develop an argument that assess meaning or value to your three ideas. it should answer one of the following question: what greater idea can we understand about the historical theme through knowing these three ideas? What can we learn about the theme from this knowledge? Why is this important? Thus, is it important that you understand that this paper is not just a standard paper of information: it must contain an argument couched in a theme and supported by three distinct ideas from the book.