Guidelines for Submission:
Short papers should use double spacing, 12-point Times New Roman font,
and one-inch margins. Sources should be cited according to a
discipline-appropriate citation method. Page-length requirements: 1–2
pages

You are convinced that purchasing a franchise is your method for becoming a small business owner. You are presented with two possible franchise operations. In a short paper, discuss the merits and potential drawbacks of each of these franchises. Which franchise would you invest in, and why?

Snip ‘N Clip (SNC Franchise Corporation):
This franchisor began business in 1958 and started franchising in 1985. Its business is providing all kinds of hair procedures. There are 84 locations throughout the United States, 43 of which are owned by franchisees. The initial franchise fee is $10,000, and total investment ranges from $50,950 to $58,450. The company doesn’t offer financing.

Smoothie King:
This smoothie company finished on top of the juice bar category in Entrepreneur magazine’s 2007 Franchise 500 list (it finished 91 overall). Smoothie King began franchising in 1988, selling healthy snacks in Covington, Louisiana. There were 437 independent franchises in 2006. The franchise fee is $25,000, the royalty fee is 6 percent, and the start-up costs range from $121,000 to $250,000. The company offers financing for the franchise fee, start-up costs, equipment, and inventory.

Background to the assignment: “Globalization”
is one of the key ideas of our time. What most people don’t realize, however,
is that we haven’t just discovered globalization with the rise of the Internet.
The entire modern age (roughly the last 500 years) has been a period of gradual
globalization. In this assignment, you will be exploring this issue in greater
detail as you look at the global culture that began to emerge during the Age of
Discovery.

Description of the assignment: Go online and
read about the “Columbian Exchange.” In a two-paragraph essay, first describe
in your own words what this term refers to. Be brief, but thorough, in defining
the kinds of things that were “exchanged” during the period of European
exploration. In a second paragraph, discuss how your own individual life has
been impacted by the Columbian Exchange. What kinds of things do you take for
granted that are a direct result of this first great period of globalization?
Your answer should be between 250-300 words. (Include your word count.) Value =
50 points.

Criminal Prosecution for Nursing Practice

Read the following case study and submit a 1- to 2-page essay in a Microsoft Word document using APA 6th edition in response to the questions.

Case Study:

Until recently, the risk of criminal prosecution for nursing practice was nonexistent unless nursing action rose to the level of criminal intent, such as the case of euthanasia leading to murder charges. However, in April 1997, three nurses at the Centura St. Anthony Hospital, outside of Denver, were indicted by a Colorado grand jury for criminally negligent homicide in the death of a newborn. Public records show that one nurse was assigned to care for the baby. A second nurse offered to assist her colleague in caring for the baby. A third nurse was a nurse practitioner in the hospital nursery. Because the baby was at risk for congenital syphilis, the physician ordered that the nurses give 150,000 units of intramuscular penicillin, which would have required five separate injections.

In relation to other problems the same day, the baby was subjected to a lumbar puncture, which required six painful attempts. To avoid inflicting further pain, nurse two asked the nurse practitioner whether there was another route available for the administration of the penicillin. Nurse two and the nurse practitioner searched recognized pharmacology references and determined that intravenous administration would be acceptable. The nurse practitioner had the authority to change the route and directed nurse two to administer the medication intravenously rather than intramuscularly. Unrecognized by the nurses, the pharmacy erroneously delivered the medication, prepared and ready to administer, in a dose ten times greater than was ordered—1.5 million units. As nurse two was administering the medication intravenously, the baby died. The Colorado Board of Nursing initiated disciplinary proceedings against nurse two and the nurse practitioner, but not against nurse one. The grand jury indicted all three nurses on charges of criminally negligent homicide but did not indict the pharmacist (Calfee & Plum, 1997).

Respond to the following:

• Identify what emotions are evoked as you consider the Colorado Board of Nursing case stated above?
• Should the courts take into consideration the fact that the nurses’ error occurred because they wanted to avoid causing the baby unnecessary pain? Discuss your thinking.
• Can you think of other occupations in which the consequences of unintentional errors have greater legal implications? Discuss your answer.
• How should the nursing profession respond to this frightening new legal threat?
• Which sections of the State Nurse Practice Act did the nurses violate?

INTRO:
After completing your Construction Management degree you will have an opportunity to start your own company, and you will almost certainly be asked to go work for a company. More and more companies are developing codes of conduct as formal guides to the type of behavior that is expected and encouraged while working for the company.

***ASSIGNMENT:
Using a minimum of two pages (300 words), develop a code of ethics for a company that you would either like to work for, or would like to run. You may use a number of resources available to you-and in the power point lecture notes posted on Blackboard Learn. We will be using a peer to peer review for the 1st draft, with subsequent drafts being reviewed by the Instructor. Be sure to properly cite your resources.

1st Draft-Peer to Peer

The first draft of your cover letter will be reviewed by one of your classmates-the grouping of which will be assigned by your Instructor. You are required to review your peer partner’s work as well. Please see the instructions on the attached Peer Review sheet on how to conduct a constructive review. After the initial draft has been reviewed within your peer group and discussed, the peer review and initial draft will be turned in to the instructor for review.

Attached is the lecture note with some resources

Population hazard vulnerability analysis has been extensively studied and proven to be effective. A hazard vulnerability assessment (HVA) is a systematic approach to identify all possible hazards that may affect a specific population, assess the risk associated with each hazard, and study the findings to develop a prioritized comparison of hazard vulnerabilities. The vulnerability, is related to both the impact on the population and the likely service demands created by the impact. An HVA can be carried out at the community level or at the hospital level. After the events of September 11, 2001, in New York, U.S., experts suggested that hospitals should function as “an integrated entity within the scope of the broader community”. Because hospitals and other health care facilities are always at the forefront to prepare for and respond to disastrous events, they are now expected to be community organizations instead of standalone institutions. We usually rely on hospitals to treat disaster victims, provide ongoing health care to the community, and prevent secondary disease outbreaks caused by the loss of infrastructure and/or sanitation . An HVA is the key step in the emergency response to a disaster. It should be able to methodologically evaluate the degree of impact and provide background information to create a targeted disaster mitigation plan. An HVA can also be applied in response to manmade disasters, such as terrorist attacks. In addition, a community HVA and a hospital HVA should be designed to complement one another for disaster emergency response and rescue.

Focusing on the main hazard in Saudi Arabia. Motor vehicle accidents are the leading cause of death in adolescents and young adults worldwide. Nearly three-quarters of road deaths occur in developing countries and men comprise a mean 80% of casualties. The rate of road traffic accidents caused by four-wheeled vehicles is the highest globally reported road traffic accidents statistic. In Saudi Arabia, the motor vehicle is the main means of transportation with one person killed and four injured every hour. Over 65% of accidents occur because of vehicles travelling at excess speed and/or drivers disobeying traffic signals. Road traffic injuries cause considerable economic losses to victims, their families, and to nations as a whole. Strategic prevention plans should be implemented soon by various sectors (health, police, transport, and education) to decrease the mortality and morbidity among adolescent and young age group. Strong and effective coordination between ministry of health and other ministries together with World Health Organization and other related organizations will be an important step towards implementing the international Decade of Action for Road Safety (2011–2020).

On the other hand, 14 disasters due to natural hazards occurred in Saudi Arabia between 1980 and 2010 claiming a total of 484 lives and causing over US$1 billion of economic damage. Flash floods have become an issue of concern in the major cities around the world. This is mostly because of increasing population pressure, which requires more infrastructural development. This pressure has often resulted in the construction of buildings in top-graphically low-lying regions, which in turn has obstructed the natural rainwater drainage. In general, the damage and losses associated with earthquakes are low in Saudi Arabia. However, the regions along the Red Sea coast are vulnerable to earth-quakes.

References

Du, Y., Ding, Y., Li, Z., & Cao, G. (2015). Retrieved February 02, 2018, from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4657270/

Al Turki, Y. A. (2014). How can Saudi Arabia use the Decade of Action for Road Safety to catalyse road traffic injury prevention policy and interventions?. International journal of injury control and safety promotion, 21(4), 397-402.

________________

The Hazard Vulnerability Analysis (HVA) is a tool used by government and hospitals to calculate their ability immediately correspond to natural and human-made disasters (Emergency Preparedness, n.d.). This analysis helps to evaluate the direct and indirect effect of any type disasters as well as to examine quality and efficiency of state regulations, laws, policies, resource, and networks, established for solving damages after the accident. The HVA uses the priority list, where each disaster places according to damage or effects it can cause. Moreover, the HVA includes descriptions, explanations, and advice about each catastrophe as well as has a strategy and objectives for hospitals, rescue services, and state institutes how to react, correspond, and act during the disaster.

Besides, each city and country has unique HVA, which compounds cultural, ethical, social, financial, and ecological factors for each area. In the global perspective, some tools and techniques are standard for every country (Coppola, 2015). For instance, the Kaiser Permanente tool is used to identify and classify the disaster (Hazard Vulnerability Analysis Tool, n.d.). However, the measure of consequences can differ not only from country to country but also from city to city, due to different social, economic, geographical factors. Furthermore, when disaster assessment calculating, cultural and ethnic differences should be considered. These differences impact people’s behavior and attitude to the disaster, meaning that for example, earthquakes are frequent for Japanese, and for U.S. citizens not. What is more, such differences impact the state preparedness, as some regions require different protection and services.

Despite the fact that HVA develops and calculate all risks, the government has to prepare a communication system, which can not only be informative for citizens but also must be recognized by foreigners. Several signs or word combinations have to be used and be understandable publicity at large, despite the language factor.

The language factor, as well as lack of preparedness, is a common problem for third world countries. They tend to develop emergency plans based only on average factors and target only their citizens. This lack of preparedness may lead to the failure of the rescue service or hazard level calculation. Moreover, the language barrier can cause additional issues with foreigners, who are in the area of the disaster.

References

Coppola, D. P. (2015). Introduction to international disaster management(3rd ed.). Amsterdam: Butterworth-Heineman. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-801477-6.00003-4

Emergency Preparedness. (n.d.). Retrieved February 02, 2018, from https://www.calhospitalprepare.org/post/what-hazar…

Hazard Vulnerability Analysis Tool. (n.d.). Retrieved February 02, 2018, from https://www.calhospitalprepare.org/post/hazard-vul…